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Understanding Melanoma on the Scalp: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Considerations

Melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer, can present unique challenges when it develops on the head or neck, particularly on the scalp. In this blog post, we will look at the distinctive characteristics and considerations for melanoma on the scalp, which are crucial for effective diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care.

Melanoma on the Scalp: Unique Characteristics and Challenges

Behavior and Treatment Differences

When melanoma occurs on the head or neck, it may behave differently than when found on other parts of the body. The complexity of the anatomy in these areas, with numerous blood vessels and lymph nodes, makes it potentially easier for melanoma to spread. As a result, treatment for melanoma on the head, neck, or scalp tends to be more aggressive.[1]

Reconstructive Surgery Considerations

Reconstructive surgery may be necessary, especially after cancer surgery on the head or neck. This can involve immediate reconstruction or a delayed approach, depending on factors like the stage of cancer and the need for additional surgeries. The waiting period allows for thorough examination and testing to determine the necessity of further procedures.

High Prevalence of Melanoma on the Scalp

Despite accounting for only 9% of the total body surface, the scalp harbors 20% of melanoma cases. A literature review highlights that scalp melanomas are more common in the elderly and men and have a 10-year survival rate of 60%.[2]

Histological Diversity and Diagnosis

Scalp melanoma encompasses a heterogeneous group of types, including lentiginous melanoma, desmoplastic melanoma, superficial spreading, and nodular melanoma. All suspicious lesions should be biopsied, with excisional biopsy often recommended.[3]

Prioritizing Awareness and Follow-Up Care

Given the aggressive nature of melanoma on the scalp, heightened awareness and proactive follow-up care are crucial. Regular check-ups, including thorough cancer examinations and relevant testing, can facilitate early detection. This, in turn, improves the chances of a positive outcome. If you suspect any unusual changes on your scalp or have concerns about melanoma, it’s essential to consult with a dermatologist promptly.

Remember, knowledge and awareness are powerful tools in the fight against melanoma, and early intervention can make a significant difference in your overall health and well-being.

Get Support

Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring hope and support to all those touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancers, or ocular melanoma – whether they are newly diagnosed, currently undergoing treatment, in remission or referred to as “NED” (no evidence of disease).

WE INVITE ALL SKIN CANCER PATIENTS, AT ANY STAGE, TO GET IN TOUCH.

We are here to help. Call us at 1-800-460-5832 or email info@saveyourskin.ca

Learn about other types of skin cancer:

Basal Cell Carcinoma

BCC is the most common cancer in the world, with incidence exceeding that of all other cancers combined. BCC can develop anywhere, though it is most commonly found in sun exposed areas.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which begins in the keratinocyte cells, is the second most common skin cancer. While SCC usually develops in areas that have been exposed to the sun, it can also manifest in burn or wound sites.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer. It can develop in the merkel cells, which are found in the deepest areas of the epidermis and hair follicles.

[1] “Treatment May Differ for Melanoma on the Head or Neck.” Www.aad.org, www.aad.org/public/diseases/skin-cancer/types/common/melanoma/head-neck. Accessed 3 Jan. 2024.

[2] [3] Licata, Gaetano et al. “Diagnosis and Management of Melanoma of the Scalp: A Review of the Literature.” Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology vol. 14 1435-1447. 7 Oct. 2021, doi:10.2147/CCID.S293115

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Understanding Melanoma Cancer

Melanoma is a type of cancer in which malignant cells form in the melanocytes (the cells that produce melanin or pigment in the skin). Melanoma can occur anywhere on the skin and can metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body. There are several subtypes of melanoma, including cutaneous, acral, mucosal, ocular, and even amelanotic melanoma.

Here are some common questions about melanoma:

What are melanocytes?

Melanocytes are a type of cell that produces melanin, the protective black, dark brown, reddish-brown or yellow pigments that colour our skin and hair. The melanocytes are mostly found in the epidermis but can also occur elsewhere, like in the matrix of the hair.[1]

 

What causes melanoma skin cancer?

Melanoma skin cancer is influenced by various risk factors, with the primary contributor being exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun and indoor tanning. Having just one blistering sunburn as a child or teenager increases your risk of developing melanoma.

Melanocytes illustration

Other risk factors include the presence of many moles, atypical moles, congenital melanocytic nevi (birthmarks or moles that are present at birth or develop shortly after), and familial conditions like Familial Atypical Multiple Mole Melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome. Additionally, hereditary factors, such as the CDKN2A gene mutation, Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Werner syndrome, and Retinoblastoma, can elevate the risk. Light-colored skin, eyes, and hair, a personal history of skin cancer, a family history of skin cancer, and a weakened immune system are also identified as significant risk factors.[2]

 

What does melanoma skin cancer look like?

Not all melanomas have the same appearance. Depending on your skin colour, the melanoma might be brown, black, reddish, tan, sometimes even blue! Though most melanomas develop on normal-looking skin, some develop on existing moles. The best way to catch a melanoma early is to look for anything new, changing or unusual on your skin.

A common and effective tool to help you spot melanoma is the ABCDEs of Melanoma:

A stands for asymmetry, where one half of the lesion does not match the other in shape.

B stands for irregular borders; melanomas often have jagged or notched edges instead of smooth contours.

C stands for colour; melanomas sometimes have more than one colors within the lesion, such as brown, black, tan, red, blue, or white, in contrast to the more uniform shades seen in benign moles.

D stands for diameter, with melanomas tending to be larger than other moles, or grow larger over time.

E stands for evolving, highlighting the importance of observing any changes in texture, elevation, size, colour, or the development of symptoms like bleeding or itching.

Regular skin self-examinations and professional skin checks are vital for early detection, as prompt medical attention significantly improves the chances of successful melanoma treatment.

To learn more about performing a skin check, visit our Skin Check Guide page.

Is melanoma skin cancer dangerous?

Melanoma is one of the most serious forms of skin cancer. The Canadian Cancer Society estimates that it caused 1,200 deaths in Canada in 2022. The outlook for individuals with melanoma can vary significantly. Most melanomas can be cured if detected and treated before they have a chance to spread. Early detection and removal of melanoma are essential for a full recovery.

 

How is melanoma skin cancer treated?

There are various treatment options for melanoma. When someone is diagnosed with melanoma, their healthcare team discusses the best melanoma treatments for them and works with them to develop a treatment plan. Here are some of the most common treatment options:

  • Surgery
  • Immunotherapy
  • Targeted Therapy
  • Radiation Therapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Clinical Trials

Get Support

Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring hope and support to all those touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancers, or ocular melanoma – whether they are newly diagnosed, currently undergoing treatment, in remission or referred to as “NED” (no evidence of disease).

WE INVITE ALL SKIN CANCER PATIENTS, AT ANY STAGE, TO GET IN TOUCH.

We are here to help. Call us at 1-800-460-5832 or email info@saveyourskin.ca

Learn about other types of skin cancer:

Basal Cell Carcinoma

BCC is the most common cancer in the world, with incidence exceeding that of all other cancers combined. BCC can develop anywhere, though it is most commonly found in sun exposed areas.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which begins in the keratinocyte cells, is the second most common skin cancer. While SCC usually develops in areas that have been exposed to the sun, it can also manifest in burn or wound sites.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer. It can develop in the merkel cells, which are found in the deepest areas of the epidermis and hair follicles.

[1] The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. “Melanocyte | Biology.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 16 Nov. 2018, www.britannica.com/science/melanocyte. Accessed November 23, 2023.

[2] Canadian Cancer Society. “Risk Factors for Melanoma Skin Cancer.” Canadian Cancer Society, cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-melanoma/risks#:~:text=Most%20cases%20of%20melanoma%20skin. Accessed 25 Nov. 2023.

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Life After Treatment: Resources for Skin Cancer Survivors

Becoming a skin cancer survivor is not just about defeating a disease; it’s about transitioning from one phase of your life to another. Many melanoma survivors we’ve talked to have said that transitioning into survivorship, despite being the best possible outcome, has its own unique challenges. Suddenly, the care team that had been seeing them regularly is no longer part of their life. And then there’s scanxiety, or the anxiety that many people struggle with when it’s time for their annual maintenance scans.

Kathy Barnard, founder of Save Your Skin Foundation, understands this all too well as she is herself a melanoma stage 4 survivor. That’s why, when she decided to start Save Your Skin Foundation in 2006, she knew she wanted to make sure the foundation supported skin cancer patients throughout the whole continuum of their journey, including survivorship. She also wanted to help survivors and patients connect with each other so they would feel less alone in their journey.

This blog post will give you an overview of the resources we’ve developed to support melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer survivors. We hope you will find something that can help you on your journey.

Resources for Skin Cancer Survivors

Survivorship Resources

Our Survivorship page lists several resources created specifically for cancer survivors.

skin cancer survivor
skin cancer survivor

Self-Care After Cancer

Our Self-Care After Cancer page offers tons of information for those in remission, including a Q&A that answers common questions asked by new skin cancer survivors.

I’m Living Proof

I’m Living Proof is an interactive map that allows you to find other skin cancer survivors. Simply click on a star to read their story. You can even request to connect with them if you would like to know more or ask a question. We hope these stories of strength and resilience will offer you support and inspiration as you navigate your own path.

skin cancer survivors

Monthly Fireside Chats

Join our Monthly Patient Fireside Chats which have a small standing group of core hosts & new topics every first Thursday of the month. These informal chats are open to patients, survivors, caregivers and family members touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, and ocular melanoma. They are discussions about life after a cancer diagnosis, including sharing experiences with treatment options, survivorship, navigating the healthcare system, and any other concern that you might have. It is also a great opportunity to meet other patients and survivors from across Canada.

Webinars

Save your Skin Foundation webinars are a great way to stay up-to-date by listening to patients, survivors, doctors, and pharmaceutical company executives discuss the melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, and ocular melanoma landscape. Each webinar features a variety of experts and discusses a different topic.

skin cancer survivor
skin cancer survivor

One-on-one Support

Transitioning into survivorship has its own challenges. Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring support to all those in remission. We invite all ocular melanoma, melanoma, and non-melanoma skin cancer patients, at any stage, to get in touch.

As you navigate the complex landscape of life after skin cancer treatment, remember that you are not alone. We invite you to connect with us and fellow survivors, and to help us in creating a community where hope and resilience abound as you embrace this new chapter in your journey.

Get Support

Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring hope and support to all those touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancers, or ocular melanoma – whether they are newly diagnosed, currently undergoing treatment, in remission or referred to as “NED” (no evidence of disease).

WE INVITE ALL SKIN CANCER PATIENTS, AT ANY STAGE, TO GET IN TOUCH.

We are here to help. Call us at 1-800-460-5832 or email info@saveyourskin.ca

Read more

Understanding Melanoma Treatment Side Effects

Facing a melanoma diagnosis can be a daunting experience. Thankfully, there are various treatment options available to combat this disease. These treatments offer the potential for recovery and a return to a fulfilling life. It’s important to be aware that, like any medical treatment, melanoma treatments can come with side effects. In this blog post, we’ll explore the side effects associated with the most common treatment types, providing insights that can empower patients to navigate their melanoma treatment journey with confidence.

Immunotherapy Side Effects

Immunotherapy is a treatment that harnesses the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. As with any treatment, side effects can vary from person to person. They also vary depending on the type of immunotherapy drug. The Canadian Cancer Society  lists the following symptoms:

The side effects of Interferon alfa-2b or interleukin-2 (cytokines) for melanoma may include:

  • Flu-like symptoms: Patients may experience symptoms such as fever, chills, and body aches, reminiscent of the flu.
  • Fatigue: General tiredness is a common side effect.
  • Loss of appetite: Anorexia, or loss of appetite, may occur.
  • Digestive issues: Side effects like diarrhea and nausea/vomiting can affect some patients.
  • Skin problems: A rash may develop as a side effect.
  • Low blood cell counts: Some patients may experience a decrease in blood cell counts.
  • Depression: High-dose interferon alfa-2b may lead to depression.
  • Swelling: Interleukin-2 can lead to swelling due to fluid retention.

The side effects for ipilimumab, nivolumab or pembrolizumab (immune checkpoint inhibitors) may include:

  • Fatigue: Patients may experience increased tiredness.
  • Diarrhea: Digestive issues, including diarrhea, can occur.
  • Skin problems: Some individuals may develop a rash.
  • Headaches: Headaches may be a side effect.
  • Liver problems: Yellowing of the skin and eyes may indicate liver problems.
  • Thyroid problems: Changes in weight, body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure may result from thyroid issues.
  • Lung problems: Cough and difficulty breathing can be side effects.

It’s important to note that side effects can occur at any time during or after immunotherapy. While most side effects are temporary and can be managed, some may persist over the long term. It is crucial for patients to report any side effects to their healthcare team promptly, as they can offer solutions to alleviate these symptoms and ensure a better treatment experience.

melanoma treatment side effects

Targeted Therapy Side Effects

Targeted therapy is a treatment that specifically attacks cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. This approach typically results in fewer and less severe side effects than traditional chemotherapy or radiation therapy. According to the Canadian Cancer Society, common side effects of targeted therapy for melanoma may include:

  • Skin problems: Rashes and dryness can affect some patients.
  • Sun sensitivity: Patients may become more sensitive to sunlight.
  • Muscle bone and joint pain: Some individuals may experience pain in these areas.
  • Fatigue: General tiredness can occur.
  • Digestive issues: Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea may be side effects.
  • Fever: Patients may run a fever.
  • Eye problems: Some individuals may experience issues with their eyes.
  • Abnormal liver function: Liver problems may arise.
  • Swelling: Edema may develop.

Just like with immunotherapy, side effects from targeted therapy can appear at any time during or after treatment. While many side effects resolve on their own or with medical intervention, it’s crucial for patients to communicate any concerns with their healthcare team.

Radiation Therapy Side Effects

Radiation therapy is designed to target cancer cells with minimal harm to surrounding healthy tissue, but some damage might still occur, causing side effects during, in the days or weeks after or even years after the treatment. According to the Canadian Cancer Society, the side effects will depend on the size and area being treated, the dose and the treatment schedule. The side effects may include:

  • Skin problems: Redness and irritation of the skin may arise.
  • Fatigue: General tiredness can be a side effect.
  • Hair loss: Hair loss can occur in the treated area.
  • Sore mouth and throat: When radiation is aimed at the head or neck, some patients may experience mouth and throat discomfort.
  • Lymphedema: This swelling condition may occur when radiation targets the underarm or groin area.

Similar to other treatments, side effects from radiation therapy can appear at different times. Most of these side effects are manageable, and it’s important for patients to inform their healthcare team of any issues.

Surgery Side Effects

Surgery is a common treatment for melanoma, but it can also have side effects. According to the Canadian Cancer Society, these side effects may include:

  • Pain: Pain is often managed with pain medicines.
  • Scarring: Surgical procedures can result in scarring.
  • Bruising: Some bruising may occur.
  • Changes to skin color: Skin color changes may develop.
  • Wound infection: Infections at the surgical site can occur.
  • Numbness: Some patients may experience numbness in the treated area.
  • Poor healing: Healing issues can arise.
  • Lymphedema: Lymph node dissection may lead to swelling.

As with other treatment methods, side effects from surgery can happen at various times. While most side effects are temporary and can be addressed, open communication with the healthcare team is essential.

In conclusion, melanoma treatment is a complex journey, and understanding the potential side effects is a critical part of it. While these side effects can be challenging, most are manageable with the support and guidance of a healthcare team. It is essential for patients to communicate any side effects promptly, as addressing them early can significantly improve the overall treatment experience and ultimately contribute to a better quality of life during and after melanoma treatment.

Get Support

Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring hope and support to all those touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancers, or ocular melanoma – whether they are newly diagnosed, currently undergoing treatment, in remission or referred to as “NED” (no evidence of disease).

WE INVITE ALL SKIN CANCER PATIENTS, AT ANY STAGE, TO GET IN TOUCH.

We are here to help. Call us at 1-800-460-5832 or email info@saveyourskin.ca

Learn about other types of skin cancer:

Basal Cell Carcinoma

BCC is the most common cancer in the world, with incidence exceeding that of all other cancers combined. BCC can develop anywhere, though it is most commonly found in sun exposed areas.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which begins in the keratinocyte cells, is the second most common skin cancer. While SCC usually develops in areas that have been exposed to the sun, it can also manifest in burn or wound sites.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer. It can develop in the merkel cells, which are found in the deepest areas of the epidermis and hair follicles.

“Immunotherapy for Melanoma Skin Cancer.” Canadian Cancer Society, 2015, cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-melanoma/treatment/immunotherapy. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

“Targeted Therapy for Melanoma Skin Cancer.” Canadian Cancer Society, cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-melanoma/treatment/targeted-therapy. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

“Radiation Therapy for Melanoma Skin Cancer.” Canadian Cancer Society, cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-melanoma/treatment/radiation-therapy. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

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Melanoma Treatments: Understanding Your Options

This page explores the various treatment options for melanoma and discusses the latest advancements in the field. Your healthcare team will discuss the best melanoma treatments for you and work with you to develop a treatment plan.

Surgery

Surgery is the primary treatment for early-stage melanoma. There are several surgical approaches, including:

  • Wide Local Excision: This involves removing the melanoma along with some healthy tissue surrounding it. The extent of the removal depends on the thickness and location of the tumor.
  • Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: To determine if cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, a sentinel lymph node biopsy may be performed. If cancer is present, more lymph nodes may need to be removed.

 

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a promising approach that harnesses the body’s immune system to fight cancer. Various types of immunotherapy drugs are employed in melanoma treatment, including cytokines like interferon alfa-2b and interleukin-2, which help immune system cells communicate and help control the immune response. Additionally, immune checkpoint inhibitors like Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, and Pembrolizumab are used to block checkpoint proteins that cancer cells use to evade immune attacks.[1]

Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy targets molecules within cancer cells, such as proteins, that play a role in promoting cell growth and division. By focusing on these molecules, targeted therapy drugs inhibit the growth and spread of cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy cells. Approximately half of melanoma skin cancers exhibit mutations in the BRAF gene, which drive uncontrolled cell division. MEK and C-KIT gene mutations are less common. Patients with locoregional or metastatic melanoma are often tested for these mutations, and those testing positive may respond to specific targeted therapy drugs.[2]

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy employs high-energy rays or particles to destroy melanoma cancer cells. It is used for different purposes, including destroying cancer cells, reducing the risk of cancer recurrence after surgery, and providing relief from pain or symptoms in metastatic cases. External beam radiation therapy, delivered by a machine, is the primary method for treating melanoma skin cancer.[3]

 

Chemotherapy

Traditional chemotherapy is not as effective in treating melanoma as some of the newer therapies. However, it may still be considered in certain cases, such as advanced melanoma that doesn’t respond to other treatments.

 

Clinical Trials

Participating in clinical trials can provide access to cutting-edge treatments and experimental therapies. Many breakthroughs in melanoma treatment have come from clinical trials.

Get Support

Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring hope and support to all those touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancers, or ocular melanoma – whether they are newly diagnosed, currently undergoing treatment, in remission or referred to as “NED” (no evidence of disease).

WE INVITE ALL SKIN CANCER PATIENTS, AT ANY STAGE, TO GET IN TOUCH.

We are here to help. Call us at 1-800-460-5832 or email info@saveyourskin.ca

Learn about other types of skin cancer:

Basal Cell Carcinoma

BCC is the most common cancer in the world, with incidence exceeding that of all other cancers combined. BCC can develop anywhere, though it is most commonly found in sun exposed areas.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which begins in the keratinocyte cells, is the second most common skin cancer. While SCC usually develops in areas that have been exposed to the sun, it can also manifest in burn or wound sites.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer. It can develop in the merkel cells, which are found in the deepest areas of the epidermis and hair follicles.

[1] “Immunotherapy for Melanoma Skin Cancer.” Canadian Cancer Society, 2015, cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-melanoma/treatment/immunotherapy. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[2] “Targeted Therapy for Melanoma Skin Cancer.” Canadian Cancer Society, cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-melanoma/treatment/targeted-therapy. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[3] “Radiation Therapy for Melanoma Skin Cancer.” Canadian Cancer Society, cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-melanoma/treatment/radiation-therapy. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

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Melanoma on the Leg: Understanding Detection and Prognosis

Melanoma is a serious form of skin cancer that can occur anywhere on the body. While it often develops in areas exposed to the sun, such as the back, legs, arms, and face, it can also appear in less sun-exposed regions. In this blog post, we will explore the key aspects of melanoma on the leg, including its appearance, detection, and prognosis.

Melanoma on the Leg: What You Need to Know

Location Matters for Melanoma Development

Melanomas most commonly develop in areas that have been exposed to the sun, including the legs. It’s essential to recognize that melanomas can also occur in areas with minimal sun exposure, such as the soles of the feet, palms of the hands, and fingernail beds. These hidden melanomas are more frequently found in people with darker skin.

Early Detection is Crucial

Early detection of melanoma can significantly increase the chances of successful treatment. It’s important to regularly examine your skin for anything new, changing, or unusual, not only on sun-exposed areas but also on sun-protected regions. For women, it’s worth noting that melanomas frequently appear on the legs, while men tend to develop them on the trunk.[1] However, melanomas can arise anywhere on the skin, even in areas not directly exposed to the sun.

Melanoma on leg

Appearance of Melanoma on the Leg

Melanoma on the leg may present and behave differently in different people. Characteristics include:

  • Spots, sores, moles, or bumps on the skin that change in shape, size, or color
  • Red or brown colored scaly skin
  • Skin that oozes, bleeds, swells, or may feel painful, itchy, or tender[2]

 

Prognosis and Survival

Location plays a crucial role in the prognosis and survival of melanoma patients. According to the Canadian Cancer Society, having melanoma on the arms or legs generally has a better prognosis than having melanoma on the central part of the body, head, or neck.[3]

Early Detection and Awareness Are Key for Melanomas on the Leg

In conclusion, melanoma can affect any part of the body, including the legs. Early detection and awareness of the appearance of melanomas on the leg are vital for increasing the chances of successful treatment. Regular skin self-exams and understanding the different types and locations of melanoma can make a significant difference in achieving a positive prognosis.

Remember to consult with a healthcare professional if you notice any unusual skin changes or have concerns about melanoma. Your doctor can provide a proper diagnosis, discuss treatment options, and guide you toward the best course of action for your specific situation.‌

Get Support

Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring hope and support to all those touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancers, or ocular melanoma – whether they are newly diagnosed, currently undergoing treatment, in remission or referred to as “NED” (no evidence of disease).

WE INVITE ALL SKIN CANCER PATIENTS, AT ANY STAGE, TO GET IN TOUCH.

We are here to help. Call us at 1-800-460-5832 or email info@saveyourskin.ca

Learn about other types of skin cancer:

Basal Cell Carcinoma

BCC is the most common cancer in the world, with incidence exceeding that of all other cancers combined. BCC can develop anywhere, though it is most commonly found in sun exposed areas.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which begins in the keratinocyte cells, is the second most common skin cancer. While SCC usually develops in areas that have been exposed to the sun, it can also manifest in burn or wound sites.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer. It can develop in the merkel cells, which are found in the deepest areas of the epidermis and hair follicles.

[1] “Melanoma Warning Signs and Images.” The Skin Cancer Foundation, 1 May 2023, www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/melanoma/melanoma-warning-signs-and-images/. Accessed October 24, 2023.

[2] “Skin Cancer on Leg: Appearance and More.” Medical News Today, 17 Apr. 2023, www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/skin-cancer-on-leg. Accessed 24 Oct. 2023.

[3] Lee, Sid. “Prognosis and Survival for Melanoma Skin Cancer.” Canadian Cancer Society, 2015, cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-melanoma/prognosis-and-survival. Accessed 24 Oct. 2023.

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Is Skin Cancer Dangerous? Understanding the Risks and Prognosis

Skin cancer is a prevalent and potentially life-threatening disease that affects millions of people each year. The question often arises: “Is skin cancer dangerous?” To address this concern, we’ll explore the various types of skin cancer and their potential risks and prognosis.

Melanoma:

Melanoma is one of the most serious forms of skin cancer. The Canadian Cancer Society estimates that it caused 1,200 deaths in Canada in 2022. The outlook for individuals with melanoma can vary significantly. Most melanomas can be cured if detected and treated before they have a chance to spread. Early detection and removal of melanoma are essential for a full recovery.

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers:

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC):

According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, BCC is the most common form of skin cancer, affecting 50,000-60,000 Canadians every year[1]. BCC is generally considered less dangerous than melanoma. However, if not detected and treated early, it can become locally destructive and, in rare instances, metastasize.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC):

SCC is the second most common form of skin cancer, with an estimated 20,000 cases diagnosed each year in the Canada[2]. Like BCC, SCC can be locally destructive and sometimes metastasize if not detected and treated early.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC):

MCC is a relatively rare but highly aggressive skin cancer. MCCs are at high risk of recurring and metastasizing, emphasizing the critical importance of early detection and treatment.

Prognostic Factors

The prognosis and survival rates for skin cancer are influenced by several factors, as outlined by the Canadian Cancer Society:

Location: Skin cancer on certain areas, such as around the eyes, nose, lips, ears, scalp, fingers, toes, and genitals, may have a higher risk of recurrence or metastasis.

Size and Depth: Larger tumors and those that have grown deep into the skin are more likely to come back.

Recurrence: Skin cancer that returns after treatment may have a less favorable prognosis.

Type or Subtype: Some subtypes of BCC and SCC tend to grow more quickly and have different outcomes.

Immunosuppression: Weakened immune systems can impact the prognosis.

Stage: The stage at diagnosis is a significant determinant of prognosis.

Outlook for Skin Cancer In general, the outlook for skin cancer is positive. The 5-year survival rate for melanoma is 99% if detected and treated before it spreads to the lymph nodes, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. For BCC and SCC, the outlook is favorable, especially when diagnosed early. However, as skin cancer advances, the prognosis may vary. In conclusion, most skin cancers are curable, especially when detected and treated in their early stages. Early detection, regular check-ups with a dermatologist, and prompt treatment are essential in ensuring a positive outcome. While skin cancer can be a serious diagnosis, advances in medical treatments offer hope and optimism for those affected by this condition. If you have concerns about your specific case, consult with your healthcare provider for personalized guidance on your prognosis and treatment options.

In summary, in answering the question “is skin cancer dangerous?” one must consider various elements such as the type, stage, and other prognostic factors. Melanoma is considered the most dangerous of the common skin cancers, while BCC and SCC can also pose significant risks if not detected and treated promptly. Understanding these risks and working with a healthcare provider to assess prognosis based on individual factors are essential steps in managing and treating skin cancer. Early detection remains the key to improving the prognosis and ensuring a better outcome.

Get Support

Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring hope and support to all those touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancers, or ocular melanoma – whether they are newly diagnosed, currently undergoing treatment, in remission or referred to as “NED” (no evidence of disease).

WE INVITE ALL SKIN CANCER PATIENTS, AT ANY STAGE, TO GET IN TOUCH.

We are here to help. Call us at 1-800-460-5832 or email info@saveyourskin.ca

Learn About Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a drug treatment that uses the human body’s own immune system to fight cancer.  It may be administered to patients intravenously in the Chemotherapy Unit of the hospital, but it is not the same as chemotherapy.

Learn About Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy drugs are designed to specifically target cancer cells. For melanoma, these drugs target the activity of a specific or unique feature of melanoma cancer cells.

Learn About Clinical Trials

New treatments are tested in clinical trials before they are approved for general use. There are safeguards in place to ensure clinical trials are as safe as possible and meet medical ethical standards. Participating in a trial can be a way to have access to potentially helpful new therapies you couldn’t get otherwise.

[1] “Basal Cell Carcinoma.” Canadian Skin Cancer Foundation, 26 Mar. 2020, www.canadianskincancerfoundation.com/skin-cancer/basal-cell-carcinoma/. Accessed 20 Oct. 2023.

[2] “Squamous Cell Carcinoma.” Canadian Skin Cancer Foundation, 26 Mar. 2020, www.canadianskincancerfoundation.com/skin-cancer/squamous-cell-carcinoma/. Accessed 20 Oct. 2023.

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Is Skin Cancer Curable?

Skin cancer is a prevalent form of cancer that affects millions of people worldwide. In Canada, about 80,000 people are diagnosed with skin cancer each year.[1] Skin cancer encompasses various types, with the most common being basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma. If you or someone you know has been diagnosed with skin cancer, you may be wondering “is skin cancer curable?” The outlook for individuals with skin cancer depends on several factors, including early detection, type, stage, and treatment. Let’s explore what the experts have to say.

 

Early Detection is Key

According to the Cleveland Clinic, nearly all skin cancers can be cured if they’re treated before they have a chance to spread. This emphasizes the crucial role of early detection. The earlier skin cancer is found and removed, the better the chances of a full recovery. It’s essential to schedule regular check-ups with a dermatologist to ensure that any potential issues are identified promptly. If you notice something unusual on your skin, don’t hesitate to contact your doctor.

 

Types of Skin Cancer

As noted by the Cancer Research UK, different types of skin cancer have varying prognoses:

 

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

BCC is highly curable, with an extremely low likelihood of spreading to other parts of the body. Most cases can be treated effectively by removing the cancerous tissue along with a small margin of surrounding healthy skin.

 

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)

SCC is also typically curable, with a high success rate in treatment. In some instances where SCC has spread to lymph nodes or other parts of the body, it may still be curable through appropriate treatment such as surgery, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, or cryotherapy.[2]

 

Melanoma

Early stage melanoma is often curable through surgery.[3] Among the surgical techniques available for melanoma, wide excision is commonly recommended. This procedure involves the complete removal of the cancerous tissue. More advanced melanoma will often require additional forms of treatment, such a s lymph node dissections, immunotherapy and targeted therapy.

Prognostic Factors

The prognosis for non-melanoma skin cancers is generally excellent, but various factors can influence the outcome, as explained by the Canadian Cancer Society. These factors include:

Location: Skin cancer on certain areas, such as around the eyes, nose, lips, ears, scalp, fingers, toes, and genitals, may have a higher risk of recurrence or metastasis.

Size and Depth: Larger tumors and those that have grown deep into the skin are more likely to come back.

Recurrence: Skin cancer that returns after treatment may have a less favorable prognosis.

Type or Subtype: Some subtypes of BCC and SCC tend to grow more quickly and have different outcomes.

Immunosuppression: Weakened immune systems can impact the prognosis.

Stage: The stage at diagnosis is a significant determinant of prognosis.

Outlook for Skin Cancer In general, the outlook for skin cancer is positive. The 5-year survival rate for melanoma is 99% if detected and treated before it spreads to the lymph nodes, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. For BCC and SCC, the outlook is favorable, especially when diagnosed early. However, as skin cancer advances, the prognosis may vary. In conclusion, most skin cancers are curable, especially when detected and treated in their early stages. Early detection, regular check-ups with a dermatologist, and prompt treatment are essential in ensuring a positive outcome. While skin cancer can be a serious diagnosis, advances in medical treatments offer hope and optimism for those affected by this condition. If you have concerns about your specific case, consult with your healthcare provider for personalized guidance on your prognosis and treatment options.

Is Skin Cancer Curable?

In general, the outlook for skin cancer is positive. The 5-year survival rate for melanoma is 99% if detected and treated before it spreads to the lymph nodes, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. For BCC and SCC, the outlook is favorable, especially when diagnosed early. However, as skin cancer advances, the prognosis may vary.

In conclusion, most skin cancers are curable, especially when detected and treated in their early stages. Early detection, regular check-ups with a dermatologist, and prompt treatment are essential in ensuring a positive outcome. While skin cancer can be a serious diagnosis, advances in medical treatments offer hope and optimism for those affected by this condition.

Please remember that the statistics and opinions cited on this page are general, and do not apply to every person’s experience of skin cancer. And if you have concerns about your specific case, consult with your healthcare provider for personalized guidance on your prognosis and treatment options.

Get Support

Save Your Skin Foundation wishes to bring hope and support to all those touched by melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancers, or ocular melanoma – whether they are newly diagnosed, currently undergoing treatment, in remission or referred to as “NED” (no evidence of disease).

WE INVITE ALL SKIN CANCER PATIENTS, AT ANY STAGE, TO GET IN TOUCH.

We are here to help. Call us at 1-800-460-5832 or email info@saveyourskin.ca

Learn More About Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a drug treatment that uses the human body’s own immune system to fight cancer.  It may be administered to patients intravenously in the Chemotherapy Unit of the hospital, but it is not the same as chemotherapy.

Learn More About Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy drugs are designed to specifically target cancer cells. For melanoma, these drugs target the activity of a specific or unique feature of melanoma cancer cells.

Learn More About Clinical Trials

New treatments are tested in clinical trials before they are approved for general use. There are safeguards in place to ensure clinical trials are as safe as possible and meet medical ethical standards. Participating in a trial can be a way to have access to potentially helpful new therapies you couldn’t get otherwise.

[1] “Skin Cancer.” Canadian Skin Cancer Foundation, www.canadianskincancerfoundation.com/skin-cancer/. Accessed 9 Oct. 2023.

[2] “Is Skin Cancer Curable.” Medical News Today, www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/is-skin-cancer-curable. Accessed 9 Oct. 2023.

[3] “Melanoma Overview.” Skin Cancer Foundation, www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/melanoma/. Accessed 9 Oct. 2023.

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Move for Melanoma

Move for Melanoma is an activity challenge that takes place across Canada. The goal of the event is to bring awareness to melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer and ocular melanoma, while raising funds to support patients affected with these diseases when they need it most.

This year, the event will take place on September 22-24, 2023. As always, participants will be able to choose a physical challenge of their choice to complete on the weekend of the event. Participants will form teams and, together with their friends and family, try to reach their personal fundraising goals.

We’ve made it super easy for you to participate! To get started, sign up here. You can register as a Team Captain, as an individual or join an existing team. Once you’ve registered, we’ll email you some resources to help you recruit team members and encourage people to start donating to your team.

Then, on the weekend of Sept. 22-24, we’ll invite you to complete your chosen activity and take lots of pictures to capture the fun.

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Monthly Patient Fireside Chats – Survivorship

5pm – 6:30pm PT | 8pm – 9:30pm ET

This year, we’re taking our monthly patient support chats in a new direction!

What’s new?

Our monthly chats are attended by a small standing group of core hosts, including SYSF Founder Kathy Barnard and fellow survivors, who take turns leading the group in a themed topic each month, allowing plenty of time for questions and discussion.

This month’s theme:

This month we’ll be celebrating survivorship and sharing stories of triumph. During this Fireside Chat we’re talking about celebrating cancer survivorship in honour of National Cancer Survivors Day in June with host Rob Stauffer who’s a melanoma survivor from Alberta, Canada.
Come learn and share with other patients and caregivers.
This month’s host:

Rob Stauffer, melanoma survivor, AB

Register Now

 

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